However,a significant immune reaction was detected when these cells were co-cultured with allogenous PBMCs.Furthermore,no significant expression of perforin or granzyme B was detected following stimulation of autogenous immune effector cells(CD3+CD8 T cells,CD3+CD8+T cells or CD3 CD56+NK cells)by

NPCs in both PBMC and T cell co-culture systems.These results suggest that human iPSC-derived NPCs may not initiate an immune response in autogenous transplants,and thus set a base for further preclinical evaluation of human iPSCs.
Nodal分子是胚胎发育中一个重要的形态发生素分子(Morphogen),属于转化生长因子-β(Transforming 更多 growth factor-β,TGF-β)超家族成员。它在维持胚胎干细胞的未分化状态、诱导中胚层和形成内脏器官左右不对称性等过程中发挥重要作用[1]。Nodal基因在胚胎发育早期高表达,而在胚胎晚期呈低表达,在成年正常个体中仅表达于少数几种生殖系统组织[2]。最近研究表明Nodal分子在多种恶
Neural

cells differentiated from pluripotent stem cells(PSCs), including both embryonic stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells, provide a powerful tool for drug screening, disease modeling and regenerative medicine. High-purity oligodendrocyte progenitor Chk 抑制剂 cells(OPCs) and neural progenitor cells(NPCs) have been derived from PSCs recently due to the advancements in understanding the developmental signaling pathways. Extracellular matrices(ECM) have been shown to play important roles in regulating the survival, proliferation, and differentiation of neural cells. To improve the function and maturation of the derived neural cells from PSCs, understanding the effects of ECM over the course of neural differentiation of PSCs is critical. During neural differentiation of PSCs, the cells are sensitive to the properties of natural or synthetic ECMs, including biochemical composition, biomechanical properties, and structural/topographical features. This review summarizes recent advances in neural differentiation of humanPSCs into OPCs and NPCs, focusing on the role of ECM in modulating the composition and function

of the differentiated cells. Especially, the importance of using three-dimensional ECM scaffolds to simulate the in vivo microenvironment for neural differentiation of PSCs is highlighted. Future perspectives including the immediate applications of PSC-derived neural cells in drug screening and disease modeling are also discussed.
精原干细胞是雄性体内可以永久维持的成体干细胞,它具有自我更新和分化的能力,保证了雄性个体生命过程中精子发生的持续进行,从而实现将遗传信息传递给下一代。精原干细胞不仅可在体外实现长期培养或诱导分化为各级生精细胞,并且可在特定条件下将其诱导去分化成为多能性干细胞。同样,这种多能性干细胞如同胚胎干细胞,可被诱导形成造血细胞、神经元细胞、肌细胞等多种类型细胞。鉴于其独具的生物学特性,精原干细胞在揭示精子的发生机制、治疗雄性不育和转基因动物等研究中具有重要价值。该文对精原干细胞在生物学特性、纯化培养、移植、体外诱导分化及其相关调控方面的各项研究进行了小结,综述了近年来的研究历程和最新研究成果。
目的观察Notch通路对乙醛激活大鼠肝星状细胞株HSC-T6增殖并转分化为肌成纤维细胞的影响。方法 还有 HSC-T6细胞常规培养及乙醛处理,加入Notch途径特异性阻断剂DAPT和TGF-β/ALK5途径特异性阻断剂SB-431542,分为空白组、单阻断组及双阻断组;MTT法检测细胞增殖;ELISA法检测Ⅰ型胶原蛋白(TIMPⅠ)、纤维黏连素(FN)的表达;RT-PCR检测Notch途径节点分子RBP-JK、Hes1及效应蛋白Smad3表达量;Western印迹检测细胞内效应蛋白α-SMA的表达。结果 MTT检测发现乙醛刺激明显增强HSC活性(P<0.05),阻断组明显下调(P<0.05),阻断组明显下调(P<0.05);RT-PCR检测Hes1乙醛刺激后上调明显(P<0.05),阻断组RBP-JK、Hes1及Smad3明显下调(P<0.05),双阻断组Hes1及Smad3下调更明显(P<0.05);Western印迹检测结果显示乙醛刺激明显促进α-SMA表达(P<0.05),阻断组明显下调(P<0.